Income tax is explained in detail and with examples in the corporate finance edition of the herold financial dictionary, which you can get from amazon in ebook or paperback edition. The book reflects tax law as it stood on 1 june 2011, which is the operative date for this book. An income tax may be a flat tax, which means that all citizens pay the same percentage of their incomes to the government. Income tax is a certain percentage of your income that you have to pay regularly to the. A tax overhaul signed by president trump in 2017 altered the income tax brackets somewhat, to 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35%, and 37%, but also shifted the ranges of income in those brackets and greatly altered exemptions, deductions, and other rules used to determine net income. Wages, commissions, tips, fees, or selfemployment income from services rendered. The purpose of this glossary is to promote familiarity with this terminology for those who do not work with tax issues every day. A tax deduction taken by taxpayers who suffered the loss or damage of property during a federally declared disaster. For example, company xyz might use one accounting method for calculating depreciation when it reports financial results to investors, but tax laws may require it to use a different method for tax accounting purposes. Lowincome person or family would receive a direct subsidy, called a negative income tax.
Income definition, the monetary payment received for goods or services, or from other sources, as rents or investments. Income tax examination changes page name and address of taxpayer taxpayer identification number return form no person with whom examination changes were discussed. Download our english dictionary apps available for both ios and android. The list includes ordinary words, such as car and water, where there are specific tax provisions. An income tax for which the tax base consists not only of income but also of capital gains as well as other accretions of wealth, such as legacies. It means the rate of income tax including surcharge on income tax, if any applicable in relation to the highest slab of income in the case of an individual, association of persons or, as the case may be, body of individuals as specified in the finance act of the relevant year.
The internal revenue service has agreements with state tax agencies under which information about federal tax, including increases or decreases, is exchanged with the states. Income tax article about income tax by the free dictionary. For example, coupons from a municipal bond are tax exempt at the federal level. One that is becoming more and more important to more and more taxpayers is the spread between the exercise price and the value of stock purchased with incentive stock. Reductions of tax liability allowed by congress for various purposes. Income tax definition of income tax by the free dictionary.
Profits tax tax imposed on business profits in addition to ordinary income tax or as distinct from income tax imposed on other forms of income. May 2008 department of the treasuryinternal revenue service. Definition of income tax written for english language learners from the merriamwebster learners dictionary with audio pronunciations, usage examples, and countnoncount noun labels. A tax on a persons individual income from wages and salary, gambling winnings, and some other sources. Income tax refers to the tax on income which governments mandate for all personal and business entities and organizations which reside or are based in their. We have attempted to include the major terms and abbreviations used when discussing taxation issues. It means the rate of incometax including surcharge on incometax, if any applicable in relation to the highest slab of income in the case of an individual, association of persons or, as the case may be, body of individuals as specified in the finance act of the relevant year. Income tax act 21 of 1995 income t ax act 36 of 1996 revenue laws amendment act 46 of 1996 general law amendment act 49 of 1996 income tax act 28 of 1997 south african revenue service act 34 of 1997.
An income tax is a tax that governments impose on financial income generated by all entities within their jurisdiction. If this change affects the amount of your state income tax, you should amend your state return by filing the necessary forms. Taxexempt income income that is not subject to taxation. New jersey does not charge a tax simply because an owner of new jersey real property sells it or is. Income tax definition of income tax by merriamwebster. Income taxes can be levied both on individuals personal income tax and businesses business and corporate income taxes. The intent of progressive systems is to distribute wealth more evenly. Nw, ir6526 washington, dc 20224 although we cant respond individually to each comment received, we do appreciate your feedback and will consider your comments as we revise our tax products. This, together with mismatches in definition, accounting and income recognition rules, may result in double taxation or, in some cases, in a jurisdictional vacuum. The functions could of course equally well have been written with 2 or any income variable as the argument. States apply their jurisdiction to tax, based on varying combinations of income source and residence principles. Income tax definition is a tax on the net income of an individual or a business. Wealth includes assets such as houses, cars, stocks, bonds, and savings accounts.
Any nation with an income tax is not truly a free country, because it requires that a substantial percentage of your income goes to the government without your consent. The definition, measurement, and evaluation of tax. A tax designed to collect at least a minimum amount of tax from taxpayers who benefit from the tax laws that give special treatment to certain kinds of income and allow deductions and credits for certain kinds of expenses. Personal income tax synonyms, personal income tax pronunciation, personal income tax translation, english dictionary definition of personal income tax. A tax paid directly to the federal government, or to state or local governments, such as income tax and property tax. Taxfree income financial definition of taxfree income.
For example, fuel, repairs, parking fees, toll taxes or just the standardized mileage rate published by the irs can all be calculated as deductions. C a preferential rate of taxation or a permanent reduction in the tax base of the type described in part 1, 2, 3 or 4 of subclause b of this clause with respect to substantially all of a companys income or substantially all of a companys foreign source income, for companies that. The income tax department never asks for your pin numbers, passwords or similar access information for credit cards, banks or other financial accounts through email the income tax department appeals to taxpayers not to respond to such emails and not to share information relating to their credit card, bank and other financial accounts. Tax breaks allowed under the regular income tax but not under the alternative minimum tax, including the deduction of state and local taxes and interest on home equity loans. Income includes wages, interest and dividends, and other payments. Negative income tax a proposed system of providing financial aid to povertylevel individuals and families, using the mechanisms already in place to collect income taxes. Annual charge levied on both earned income wages, salaries, commission and unearned income dividends, interest, rents. Tax deferral a relief that takes the form of a delay in paying tax table 1.
Form 1040x is used to file an amended return to correct a previously filed form 1040, 1040a, 1040ez. A charge imposed by government on the annual gains of a person, corporation, or other taxable unit derived through work, business pursuits, investments, property dealings, and other sources determined in accordance with the internal revenue code or state law taxes have been called the building block of civilization. By law, businesses and individuals must file an income tax. Income tax wex us law lii legal information institute. A concept of tax fairness that states that people with different amounts of wealth or different amounts of income should pay tax at different rates. A person who meets the five tests of dependency and thereby qualifies to be claimed as a dependent for tax purposes. Taxes on income, both earned for example, salaries, wages, tips, commissions and unearned for example, interest and dividends. No capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken. Moving funds from one individual retirement account to another. Learn the translation for income tax in leo s english. Taxable income means income calculated under the provisions of the income tax act. Tax terms dictionary, a helpful glossary of tax definitions.
Income tax is applied to both earned income wages, salaries and commission and unearned income dividends, interest and rents. Exit tax is a common term applied to an estimated income tax payment made by nonresident individuals, estates and trusts for the sale or transfer of real property in new jersey. With nounverb tables for the different cases and tenses links to audio pronunciation and relevant forum discussions free vocabulary trainer. Income tax legal definition of income tax legal dictionary. Importantly, capital gains are usually excluded from income taxes and are subject to their own system of taxation.
Income that is included in the taxpayers gross income and therefore subject to federal income tax. Although this is not a tax currently levied in the uk, tax theorists find it attractive since sometimes clear distinctions between income, capital gains, etc. Income tax definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Additionally, certain income an individual or corporation derives may be tax exempt, even though the individual or corporation would owe taxes otherwise. The internal revenue service offers this quick reference guide of federal tax law and procedures for churches and religious organizations to help them voluntarily comply with tax rules. Income agi purposes, less certain specified deductions if. In addition to financing a governments operations, progressive income taxation is designed to distribute wealth more evenly in a population, and to serve as automatic fiscal stabilizer to cushion the effects. Some transfers of money are exempted from the gift tax, such a gift to a spouse or a gift used to pay medical or educational expenses. The expenditures incurred by using a car strictly for business purposes are deducted in terms of being a business expense or as an employee expense. Income tax is a part of your income that you have to pay regularly to the government. As a result, company xyz might have one net income number on the financial statements filed with the sec and a different net income number filed with the irs.